minesweeper/src/main/js/Solver.ts

272 lines
9.0 KiB
TypeScript

import {range} from "./Common";
import {Field, Square} from "./Field";
/**
* A solver for a game of Minesweeper.
*/
export class Solver {
/**
* Solves the given field as far as the algorithm is able to.
*
* @param field the field to solve
*/
solve(field: Field) {
if (!field.started)
field.getSquareOrElse(Math.floor(field.width / 2), Math.floor(field.height / 2)).uncover();
let flagCount = -1;
let coveredCount = -1;
while (true) {
this.bigStep(field);
const newFlagCount = field.squareList.filter(it => it.hasFlag).length;
const newCoveredCount = field.coveredRemaining;
if (newFlagCount === flagCount && newCoveredCount === coveredCount)
break;
flagCount = newFlagCount;
coveredCount = newCoveredCount;
}
}
/**
* Solves the given field given only the information currently available, without considering the information that
* is gained from the actions performed by this function.
*
* @param field the field to solve
*/
bigStep(field: Field) {
if (!field.started || field.won || field.lost) return;
const knowns = field.squareList
.filter(it => !it.isCovered)
.filter(it => it.getNeighborCount(it => it.isCovered && !it.hasFlag));
const neighs = Array
.from(new Set(
knowns.reduce((neighs, square) => neighs.concat(square.getNeighbors()), <Square[]> [])
))
.filter(it => it.isCovered && !it.hasFlag);
if (knowns.length === 0 || neighs.length === 0) return;
const matrix: number[][] = [];
// TODO Add row for remaining mines
knowns.forEach(square => {
const row = Array(neighs.length).fill(0);
square.getNeighbors()
.filter(it => it.isCovered && !it.hasFlag)
.forEach(it => row[neighs.indexOf(it)] = 1);
row.push(square.getNeighborCount(it => it.hasMine) - square.getNeighborCount(it => it.hasFlag));
matrix.push(row);
});
const system = new Matrix(matrix).solveBinary();
system.forEach((it, i) => {
const square = neighs[i];
if (it === 0) square.uncover();
else if (it === 1) square.flag();
});
}
}
/**
* A matrix of numbers.
*/
export class Matrix {
private readonly cells: number[][];
private readonly rowCount: number;
private readonly colCount: number;
/**
* Constructs a new matrix from the given numbers.
*
* @param cells an array of rows of numbers
*/
constructor(cells: number[][]) {
if (cells.length === 0) throw new Error("Matrix must have at least 1 row.");
if (cells[0].length === 0) throw new Error("Matrix must have at least 1 column.");
this.cells = cells;
this.rowCount = this.cells.length;
this.colCount = this.cells[0].length;
}
/**
* Returns the `row`th row of numbers.
*
* @param row the index of the row to return
* @returns the `row`th row of numbers
*/
getRow(row: number): number[] {
if (row < 0 || row >= this.rowCount)
throw new Error(`Row must be in range [0, ${this.rowCount}) but was ${row}.`);
return this.cells[row];
}
/**
* Returns the `col`th column of numbers.
*
* @param col the index of the column to return
* @returns the `col`th column of numbers
*/
getCol(col: number): number[] {
if (col < 0 || col >= this.colCount)
throw new Error(`Col must be in range [0, ${this.colCount}) but was ${col}.`);
return this.cells.map(row => row[col]);
}
/**
* Returns the `col`th number in the `row`th row.
*
* @param row the index of the row to find the number in
* @param col the index of the column to find the number in
* @returns the `col`th number in the `row`th row
*/
getCell(row: number, col: number): number {
if (row < 0 || row >= this.rowCount)
throw new Error(`Row must be in range [0, ${this.rowCount}) but was ${row}.`);
if (col < 0 || col >= this.colCount)
throw new Error(`Row must be in range [0, ${this.colCount}) but was ${col}.`);
return this.cells[row][col];
}
/**
* Transforms this matrix into its row-reduced echelon form using Gauss-Jordan elimination.
*/
rref(): void {
let pivot = 0;
for (let row = 0; row < this.rowCount; row++) {
// Find pivot
while (pivot < this.colCount && this.getCol(pivot).slice(row).every(it => it === 0)) pivot++;
if (pivot >= this.colCount) return;
// Set pivot to non-zero
if (this.getCell(row, pivot) === 0)
this.swap(row, this.getCol(pivot).slice(row + 1).findIndex(it => it !== 0) + row + 1);
// Set pivot to 1
this.multiply(row, 1 / this.getCell(row, pivot));
// Set all other cells in this column to 0
for (let row2 = 0; row2 < this.rowCount; row2++) {
if (row2 === row) continue;
this.add(row2, row, -this.getCell(row2, pivot));
}
}
}
/**
* Interprets this matrix as an augmented matrix and returns for each variable the value or `undefined` if its value
* could not be determined.
*
* This function invokes `#rref`, so this matrix will change as a result.
*
* @returns the value of each variable, and `undefined` for each variable that could not be determined uniquely
*/
solve(): (number | undefined)[] {
this.rref();
return range(this.colCount - 1)
.map(it => {
const row = this.getRow(this.getCol(it).findIndex(it => it === 1));
if (row.slice(0, it).every(it => it === 0) && row.slice(it + 1, -1).every(it => it === 0))
return row.slice(-1)[0];
return undefined;
});
}
/**
* Same as `#solve`, except that it assumes that every variable is an integer in the range [0, 1].
*
* @returns the value of each variable, and `undefined` for each variable that could not be determined uniquely
*/
solveBinary(): (number | undefined)[] {
const resultsA = this.solveBinarySub(); // This check effectively auto-chords and auto-flags
const resultsB = this.solve();
const resultsC = this.solveBinarySub();
return range(this.colCount - 1, 0)
.map((_, i) => {
if (resultsA[i] !== undefined) return resultsA[i];
else if (resultsB[i] !== undefined) return resultsB[i];
else return resultsC[i];
});
}
/**
* Helper function for `#solveBinary` that tries to solve for variables in the range [0, 1] in the current matrix
* without applying transformations.
*
* @returns the value of each variable, and `undefined` for each variable that could not be determined uniquely
*/
solveBinarySub(): (number | undefined)[] {
const results = Array(this.colCount - 1).fill(undefined);
this.cells.forEach(row => {
// ax = b
const a = row.slice(0, -1);
const b = row.slice(-1)[0];
const negSum = a.filter(it => it < 0).reduce((sum, cell) => sum + cell, 0);
const posSum = a.filter(it => it > 0).reduce((sum, cell) => sum + cell, 0);
if (b === negSum) {
a.forEach((it, i) => {
if (it < 0) results[i] = 1;
if (it > 0) results[i] = 0;
});
} else if (b === posSum) {
a.forEach((it, i) => {
if (it < 0) results[i] = 0;
if (it > 0) results[i] = 1;
});
}
});
return results;
}
/**
* Swaps the rows at the given indices.
*
* @param rowA the index of the row to swap
* @param rowB the index of the other row to swap
*/
swap(rowA: number, rowB: number) {
[this.cells[rowA], this.cells[rowB]] = [this.cells[rowB], this.cells[rowA]];
}
/**
* Multiplies all numbers in the `row`th number by `factor`.
*
* @param row the index of the row to multiply
* @param factor the factory to multiply each number with
*/
multiply(row: number, factor: number) {
this.cells[row] = this.cells[row].map(it => it * factor);
}
/**
* Adds `factor` multiples of the `rowB`th row to the `rowA`th row.
*
* Effectively, sets `A = A + B * factor`.
*
* @param rowA the index of the row to add to
* @param rowB the index of the row to add a multiple of
* @param factor the factor to multiply each added number with
*/
add(rowA: number, rowB: number, factor: number) {
this.cells[rowA] =
this.cells[rowA].map((it, i) => this.cells[rowA][i] + this.cells[rowB][i] * factor);
}
}